What type of context clue offers a word with the same meaning as an unfamiliar word?

Context Clues are hints that the author gives to help define a difficult or unusual word. The clue may appear within the same sentence as the word to which it refers, or it may follow in a preceding sentence. Because most of your vocabulary is gained through reading, it is important that you be able to recognize and take advantage of context clues.

Types of context clues. There are at least four kinds of context clues that are quite common.

Synonym

A synonym, or word with the same meaning, is used in the sentence.

My opponent's argument is fallacious, misleading – plain wrong.

Antonym

A word or group of words that has the opposite meaning reveals the meaning of an unknown term.

Although some men are loquacious, others hardly talk at all.

Explanation

The unknown word is explained within the sentence or in a sentence immediately preceding.

The patient is so somnolent that she requires medication to help her stay awake for more than a short time.

Example

Specific examples are used to define the term.

Celestial bodies, such as the sun, moon, and stars, are governed by predictable laws.

Read the following sentences and define the bolded word based on the context clue. Then identify which of the four types of clues is used.

  1. The girl who used to be very vociferous doesn't talk much anymore.
  2. Pedagogical institutions, including high schools, kindergartens, and colleges, require community support to function efficiently.
  3. He was so parsimonious that he refused to give his own sons the few pennies they needed to buy pencils for school. It truly hurt him to part with his money.
  4. His pertinacity, or stubbornness, is the cause of most of his trouble.
  5. Rather than be involved in clandestine meetings, they did everything quite openly.
  6. Ecclesiastics, such as priests, ministers, and pastors, should set models of behavior for their congregants.
  7. The girl was churlish – rude, sullen and absolutely ill-mannered.
  8. Because the conflagration was aided by wind, it was so destructive that every building in the area was completely burned to the ground. excerpted from Irwin L. Joffe's Opportunity for Successful Reading, 3rd ed., 153-55

ANSWER KEY TO CONTEXT CLUES HANDOUT

1. Type of Context Clue -contrast
definition of vociferous -talkative; outspoken

2. Type of Context Clue -example
definition pedagogical -having to do with teaching

3. Type of Context Clue -explanation
definition of parsimonious - stingy; tightfisted

4. Type of Context Clue -synonym
definition of pertinacity -mulish; stubborn

5. Type of Context Clue - contrast
definition of clandestine - secret; hidden

6. Type of Context Clue - example
definition of ecclesiastics - member of the clergy

7. Type of Context Clue - synonym
definition of sullen -rude

8. Type of Context Clue -explanation
definition of conflagration -fire

Return to Techniques for Skillful Reading page

Beginning readers learn a variety of approaches for deciphering words and extending their vocabularies when confronted with a sea of unfamiliar words. The capacity to see a printed word and read it aloud is referred to as decoding by teachers. 

One method that might benefit readers of all ages and experience levels is to look for context clues. 

Context clues are cues provided by an author to aid in the definition of a difficult or unique word in a book. The clue could appear in the same sentence as the word it relates to, or it could appear in the following sentence. Because we learn the majority of our vocabulary through reading, it’s critical that we can notice and use context clues. 

As a dictionary is not always available when a reader encounters an unknown word, learning the meaning of a word through its use in a phrase or paragraph is the most practical way to increase vocabulary. 

Many words have multiple meanings, which the reader must be aware of. Only by paying attention to the context in which a term is used can the reader choose a suitable definition for the situation. 

When an obvious clue to meaning is offered, or when only a general sense of the meaning is required for the reader’s aims, the reader should rely on context clues. When a specific meaning is necessary when clues offer numerous possible definitions when neighboring words are unfamiliar, and when the unknown word is a common one that will be used again, context clues should not be relied upon; in these circumstances, a dictionary should be consulted. 

There are several types of context clues. Let us take a look at some of them: 

1. Definition/ Description Clues: 

The new term might be explicitly defined, or a suitable explanation could be provided inside the sentence or the next sentence. Words like that is, punctuation marks like commas, dashes, and parentheses are all clues to the definition. 

  Examples: 

  • Tim’s emaciation, that is, his skeleton-like appearance, terrified me. 
  • Fluoroscopy, an examination with a fluoroscope, is becoming a regular practice nowadays. 
  • This Saturday, let’s visit the arboretum, a garden that is entirely dedicated to the exhibition of plants and trees. 

2. Example Clues: 

When a reader comes across a new word, an example may appear adjacent which helps to illustrate its meaning. Example clues are highlighted by words like including, for example, and such. 

  Examples: 

  • Piscatorial creatures, such as salmon, trout, and flounder live in the deepest parts of the ocean. 
  • Celestial bodies, including the moon, the sun and stars, have been an object of fascination for men for centuries. 
  • Certain organs have atrophied over the course of man’s evolution. The appendix, for example, has deteriorated due to inactivity. 

3. Synonym Restatement Clue: 

When a notion stated in neighboring familiar terms, the reader may learn the meaning of an unknown word. Words that have the same meaning are called synonyms

  Examples: 

  • The new Miss America began her year-long reign surrounded by spotlights and the center of all attention. For the rest of the evening, she was the cynosure of every eye for the rest of the evening. 
  • The mountain pass is a tortuous road, twisting and winding like a snake around the trees of the mountainside. 

4. Contrast/ Antonym Clue: 

Words with opposing meanings are known as antonyms. The meaning of an unfamiliar word is contrasted with the meaning of a familiar term in an opposite meaning context cue. Contrast clues can be found in words like however, although, and but. 

  Examples: 

  • The pupils of the eyes contract when the light brightens, but dilate when the light dims. 
  • I’ve never seen Stella wear a dull color; she has always dressed flamboyantly. 

What type of context clue offers a word with the same meaning as an unfamiliar word definition explanation antonym synonym mark this and return?

A synonym clue is a word or phrase that has a similar meaning to the unfamiliar word. Look for words or phrases that introduce a synonym, such as in other words, or, that is to say, and also known as. Also, look for punctuation marks that set off a synonym, such as commas, parentheses, dashes, and brackets.

What context clue is used to find the meaning of the unfamiliar word?

use context clues, such as restatement, a synonym, an example, or a direct description or definition included in a sentence or paragraph, to clarify the meaning of unfamiliar words. use context as a clue to infer the correct meanings of unfamiliar words and phrases.

What type of context clue makes use of words with the same meaning?

There are at least four kinds of context clues that are quite common. A synonym, or word with the same meaning, is used in the sentence.

What are 2 types of context clues you can use to determine the meaning of unfamiliar term or phrase?

Readers can also use clues of punctuation and type style to infer meaning, such as quotation marks (showing the word has a special meaning), dashes , parentheses or brackets (enclosing a definition), and italics (showing the word will be defined).