Place the steps of exhalation in the correct order with the first step at the top of the list
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Topic Resources Breathing is usually automatic, controlled subconsciously by the respiratory center at the base of the brain. Breathing continues during sleep and usually even when a person is unconscious. People can also control their breathing when they wish, for example during speech, singing, or voluntary breath holding.
Sensory organs in the brain and in the aorta and carotid arteries monitor the blood and sense oxygen and carbon dioxide levels. Normally, an increased concentration of carbon dioxide is the strongest stimulus to breathe more deeply and more frequently. Conversely, when the carbon dioxide concentration in the blood is low, the brain decreases the frequency and depth of breaths. During breathing at rest, the average adult inhales and exhales about 15 times a minute. The
lungs have no skeletal muscles of their own. The work of breathing is done by the diaphragm, the muscles between the ribs (intercostal muscles), the muscles in the neck, and the abdominal muscles. The diaphragm, a dome-shaped sheet of muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdomen, is the most important muscle used for breathing in (called inhalation or inspiration). The diaphragm is attached to the base of the sternum, the lower parts of the rib cage, and the spine. As
the diaphragm contracts, it increases the length and diameter of the chest cavity and thus expands the lungs. The intercostal muscles help move the rib cage and thus assist in breathing. The process of breathing out (called exhalation or expiration) is usually passive when a person is not exercising. The elasticity of the lungs and chest wall, which are actively stretched during inhalation, causes them to return to their resting shape and to expel air out of the lungs when inspiratory
muscles are relaxed. Therefore, when a person is at rest, no effort is needed to breathe out. During vigorous exercise, however, a number of muscles participate in exhalation. The abdominal muscles are the most important of these. Abdominal muscles contract, raise abdominal pressure, and push a relaxed diaphragm against the lungs, causing air to be pushed out. The muscles used in breathing can contract only if the nerves connecting them to the brain are intact. In some neck and back
injuries, the spinal cord can be severed
Injuries of the Spinal Cord and Vertebrae Most spinal cord injuries result from motor vehicle crashes, falls, assaults, and sports injuries. Symptoms, such as loss of sensation, loss of muscle strength, and loss of bowel, bladder, and... read more
When the diaphragm contracts and moves lower, the chest cavity enlarges, reducing the pressure inside the lungs. To equalize the pressure, air enters the lungs. When the diaphragm relaxes and moves back up, the elasticity of the lungs and chest wall pushes air out of the lungs. CLICK HERE FOR THE PROFESSIONAL VERSION Copyright © 2022 Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and its affiliates. All rights reserved.  Set Details Share created 2 years ago by ahern139 show moreless 1 What is the name of the volume of air moved in or out of the lungs during a quiet respiratory cycle? a. vital capacity b. tidal volume c. inspiratory reserve volume d. residual volume 2 Mucus plays an important role in cleansing inhaled air. It is produced by __________ of the respiratory tract. a. the pleurae b. ciliated cells c. great alveolar cells d. goblet cells e. squamous alveolar cells 3 Which of the statements correctly describes the vital capacity? a. All the air that can be exhaled after a full inhalation. b. The amount of air a person can exhale. c. All the air that can be inhaled on top of the normal breathing. d. The total volume of air that is inside a person's lung. a. All the air that can be exhaled after a full inhalation. 4 How do we calculate the vital capacity? a. Subtract tidal volume from the sum of expiratory and inspiratory reserve volume. b. Add expiratory and inspiratory reserve volume and the tidal volume. c. Divide tidal volume by total lung volume. d. Add expiratory and inspiratory reserve volume b. Add expiratory and inspiratory reserve volume and the tidal volume. 5 Which of the following may cause obstructive lung disorder? a. smoking b. lung fibrosis c. asthma d. degenerative muscle disease 6 Which of the statements correctly describes the difference between forced vital capacity and vital capacity? a. In forced vital capacity assessment it is essential to exhale as quickly and forcefully as possible. b. In forced vital capacity the subject is exposed to stress and must exhale when they cannot hold air any longer. c. Forced vital capacity will typically show a larger volume than just vital capacity. a. In forced vital capacity assessment it is essential to exhale as quickly and forcefully as possible. 7 Select the volumes that are parts of the vital capacity. Adding these all together will equal the vital capacity. Check All That Apply a. expiratory reserve volume b. tidal volume c. inspiratory reserve volume d. residual volume e. inspiratory capacity a. expiratory reserve volume b. tidal volume c. inspiratory reserve volume 8 Select the functions of the respiratory system. Check All That Apply a. remove carbon dioxide from the body b. supply the body with oxygen c. contribute to acid-base balance d. provide energy for the mitochondria a. remove carbon dioxide from the body b. supply the body with oxygen c. contribute to acid-base balance 9 Select the functions of the upper respiratory tract. Check All That Apply a. humidify air b. filter air c. warm air d. exchange air a. humidify air b. filter air c. warm air 10 Place the steps of inhalation in the correct order with the first step at the top of the list. Rank the options below. a. Air pressure in lungs decreases b. Increase in volume of the thoracic cavity c. Air flows into the lungs until there is equal pressure between the air in the lungs and the air outside the lungs d. Lungs expand e. Skeletal muscles especially the diaphragm contract e. Skeletal muscles especially the diaphragm contract b. Increase in volume of the thoracic cavity d. Lungs expand a. Air pressure in lungs decreases c. Air flows into the lungs until there is equal pressure between the air in the lungs and the air outside the lungs 11 Place the steps of exhalation in the correct order with the first step at the top of the list. Rank the options below. a. Lungs decrease in volume b. Air pressure in lungs increases c. Skeletal muscles especially the diaphragm relax d. Lungs and thoracic cage recoil open choices for ranking e. Air flows out of the lungs until there is equal pressure between the air in the lungs and the air outside the lungs c. Skeletal muscles especially the diaphragm relax d. Lungs and thoracic cage recoil open choices for ranking a. Lungs decrease in volume b. Air pressure in lungs increases e. Air flows out of the lungs until there is equal pressure between the air in the lungs and the air outside the lungs 12 In a healthy person, which of the following will have the greatest influence on resistance to pulmonary airflow? a. bronchiole diameter b. atmospheric pressure c. quantity of surfactant d. contraction of the diaphragm e. respiratory rate 13 How is the vital capacity calculated? Multiple Choice a. respiratory volume + tidal volume b. expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume c. inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory volume d. inspiratory reserve volume + tidal volume e. expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume b. expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume What are the steps in exhalation?In order for the lungs to expel air the diaphragm relaxes, which pushes up on the lungs. The air then flows through the trachea then through the larynx and pharynx to the nasal cavity and oral cavity where it is expelled out of the body.
What are the 5 steps of inhalation?Terms in this set (5). BP Step 1. Rib Muscles and diaphragm contract making the chest cavity smaller.. BP Step 2. The pressure of the air inside the lungs decreases.. BP Step 3. Air rushes into the chest, and you breath in.. BP Step 4. The rib muscles and diaphragm relax, and the chest cavity becomes open.. BP Step 5.. Which inspiration steps are in the correct order?(i) The contraction of external intercostal muscles raises the ribs and sternum. (ii) Volume of thorax increases in the dorso-ventral axis. (iii) Intrapulmonary pressure decreases. (iv) Diaphragm contraction.
What is the first step of inhalation?When you inhale, the diaphragm and muscles between your ribs contract, creating a negative pressure—or vacuum—inside your chest cavity. The negative pressure draws the air that you breathe into your lungs.
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