Management of acute liver failure ppt

Keywords

  • Acute liver failure
  • Critical care
  • Liver transplantation
  • Encephalopathy

Financial support

The authors received no financial support to produce this manuscript.

Authors’ contributions

Both authors contributed to the content, design and execution of the figure.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest that pertain to this work.

Please refer to the accompanying ICMJE disclosure forms for further details.

Supplementary data

The following is the supplementary data to this article:

    References

      • Wang K.

      Molecular mechanisms of liver injury: apoptosis or necrosis.

      Exp Toxicologic Pathol. 2014; 66: 351-356

      • Scopus (57)
      • PubMed
      • Crossref
      • Google Scholar

      • Triantafyllou E.
      • Woollard K.J.
      • McPhail M.J.W.
      • Antoniades C.G.
      • Possamai L.A.

      The role of monocytes and macrophages in acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure.

      Front Immunol. 2018; 9: 2948

      • Scopus (93)
      • PubMed
      • Crossref
      • Google Scholar

      • Oketani M.
      • Ido A.
      • Nakayama N.
      • Takikawa Y.
      • Naiki T.
      • Yamagishi Y.
      • et al.

      Etiology and prognosis of fulminant hepatitis and late-onset hepatic failure in Japan: summary of the annual nationwide survey between 2004 and 2009.

      Hepatol Res. 2013; 43: 97-105

      • Scopus (108)
      • PubMed
      • Crossref
      • Google Scholar

      • European Association for the Study of the Liver

      EASL clinical practical guidelines on the management of acute (fulminant) liver failure.

      J Hepatol. 2017; 66: 1047-1081

      • Scopus (363)
      • PubMed
      • Abstract
      • Full Text
      • Full Text PDF
      • Google Scholar

      • Bernal W.
      • Hyyrylainen A.
      • Gera A.
      • Audimoolam V.K.
      • McPhail M.J.
      • Auzinger G.
      • et al.

      Lessons from look-back in acute liver failure? A single centre experience of 3300 patients.

      J Hepatol. 2013; 59: 74-80

      • Scopus (249)
      • PubMed
      • Abstract
      • Full Text
      • Full Text PDF
      • Google Scholar

      • Reuben A.
      • Tillman H.
      • Fontana R.
      • Davern T.
      • McGuire B.
      • Stravitz R.
      • et al.

      Outcomes in adults with acute liver failure between 1998 and 2013: an observational cohort study.

      Ann Intern Med. 2016; 164: 724-732

      • Scopus (195)
      • PubMed
      • Crossref
      • Google Scholar

      • MacDonald A.J.
      • Speiser J.L.
      • Ganger D.R.
      • Nilles K.M.
      • Orandi B.J.
      • Larson A.M.
      • et al.

      Clinical and neurologic outcomes in acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure: a 21-year multicenter cohort study.

      Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020 Sep 10; ()

      • Scopus (6)
      • PubMed
      • Abstract
      • Full Text
      • Full Text PDF
      • Google Scholar

      • Lisman T.
      • Bakhtiari K.
      • Adelmeijer J.
      • Meijers J.C.
      • Porte R.J.
      • Stravitz R.T.

      Intact thrombin generation and decreased fibrinolytic capacity in patients with acute liver injury or acute liver failure.

      J Thromb Haemost. 2012; 10: 1312-1319

      • Scopus (86)
      • PubMed
      • Crossref
      • Google Scholar

      • Stravitz R.T.
      • Ellerbe C.
      • Durkalski V.
      • Schilsky M.
      • Fontana R.J.
      • Peterseim C.
      • et al.

      Bleeding complications in acute liver failure.

      Hepatology. 2018; 67: 1931-1942

      • Scopus (55)
      • PubMed
      • Crossref
      • Google Scholar

      • Warrillow S.
      • Fisher C.
      • Bellomo R.

      Correction and control of hyperammonemia in acute liver failure: the impact of continuous renal replacement timing, intensity, and duration.

      Crit Care Med. 2020; 48: 218-224

      • Scopus (14)
      • PubMed
      • Crossref
      • Google Scholar

      • Cardoso F.S.
      • Gottfried M.
      • Tujios S.
      • Olson J.C.
      • Karvellas C.J.
      • USALF Study Group

      Continuous renal replacement therapy is associated with reduced serum ammonia levels and mortality in acute liver failure.

      Hepatology. 2018; 67: 711-720

      • Scopus (81)
      • PubMed
      • Crossref
      • Google Scholar

      • Larsen F.S.
      • Schmidt L.E.
      • Bernsmeier C.
      • Rasmussen A.
      • Isoniemi H.
      • Patel V.C.
      • et al.

      High-volume plasma exchange in patients with acute liver failure: an open randomised controlled trial.

      J Hepatol. 2016; 64: 69-78

      • Scopus (295)
      • PubMed
      • Abstract
      • Full Text
      • Full Text PDF
      • Google Scholar

    Article Info

    Publication History

    Published online: April 09, 2021

    Accepted: January 19, 2021

    Received in revised form: January 18, 2021

    Received: December 16, 2020

    Identification

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2021.01.037

    Copyright

    © 2021 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    ScienceDirect

    Access this article on ScienceDirect

    • View Large Image
    • Download Hi-res image
    • Download .PPT

    How do you manage acute liver failure?

    Acute liver failure treatments may include:.
    Medications to reverse poisoning. Acute liver failure caused by acetaminophen overdose is treated with a medication called acetylcysteine. ... .
    Liver transplant. When acute liver failure can't be reversed, the only treatment may be a liver transplant..

    What is emergency treatment for liver failure?

    For acute (sudden) liver failure, treatment includes: Intravenous (IV) fluids to maintain blood pressure; Medications such as laxatives or enemas to help flush toxins (poisons) out; Blood glucose (sugar) monitoring; glucose is given to the patient if blood sugar drops.

    What drugs cause acute liver failure?

    Some prescription medications, including antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and anticonvulsants, can cause acute liver failure. Herbal supplements. Herbal drugs and supplements, including kava, ephedra, skullcap and pennyroyal, have been linked to acute liver failure.

    What drugs are contraindicated in liver failure?

    ACE inhibitors and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs counteract the enhanced activity of the renin-angiotensin system in advanced liver disease, thereby generating a high risk of excessive hypotension or acute renal failure, respectively. These drugs are best avoided in patients with cirrhosis.