Nclex review questions fluid and electrolytes năm 2024

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Comprehensive fluid and electrolyte nursing quiz for students who are preparing to take the NCLEX exam.

Fluid and electrolytes are an important topic to know as a nurse because many patients will present with electrolyte imbalances. This quiz will test you on sodium, chloride, magnesium, calcium, phosphate, and potassium.

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Fluid and Electrolytes Nursing Quiz

1. Magnesium is absorbed by what system of the body?

1. GI
2. Hepatic
3. Renal
4. Lymphatic The answer is A: GI

2. A patient has a Magnesium level of 1.3 mg/dL. Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of this condition?

1. Hypertension
2. Torsades de pointes
3. Positive Trousseau’s Sign
4. Absent deep tendon reflexes The answer is D: Absent deep tendon reflexes

3. Which of the following patients is MOST at risk for hypermagnesemia?

1. A patient with alcoholism
2. A patient taking a proton-pump inhibitor
3. A patient suffering from Crohn’s Disease
4. A patient with a magnesium level of 0.6 mg/dL receiving IV magnesium sulfate The answer is D: A patient with a magnesium level of 0.6 mg/dL receiving IV magnesium sulfate

4. Stimulation of the facial nerve via the masseter muscle causes twitching of the nose/lips in hypocalcemia is known as?

1. Trousseau’s Sign
2. Chvostek’s Sign
3. Homan’s Sign
4. Goodell’s Sign The answer is B: Chvostek’s Sign

5. A patient has a calcium level of 7.2 mg/dL. What sign below is indicative of this lab value?

1. None this is a normal calcium level
2. Shortened ST segment
3. Hypoactive bowel sounds
4. Prolonged QT interval on the EKG The answer is D: Prolonged QT interval on the EKG

6. An EKG shows a shortened QT interval. Which lab value below would be indicative of this change?

1. Calcium level of 8 mg/dL
2. Calcium level of 12 mg/dL
3. Calcium level of 8.7 mg/dL
4. Calcium level of 9.2 mg/dL The answer is B. Calcium level of 12 mg/dL

7. Which patient below is considered hypernatremic?

1. A patient with a sodium level of 155 mEq/L
2. A patient with a sodium level of 145 mEq/L
3. A patient with a sodium level of 120 mEq/L
4. A patient with a sodium level of 136 mEq/L The answer is A: A patient with a sodium level of 155 mEq/L.

8. A patient has a sodium level of 119 mEq/L. Which of the following is NOT related to this finding?

1. Oversecretion of ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
2. Low salt diet
3. Inadequate water intake
4. Hypotonic fluid infusion (overload) The answer is C: Inadequate water intake

9. A patient’s blood tests show they have a critically low parathyroid hormone (PTH). What effect would this have on phosphate and calcium levels in the blood?

1. Phosphate levels high, calcium levels low
2. Phosphate and calcium levels high
3. Phosphate and calcium levels low
4. Phosphate levels low, calcium levels high The answer is A: Phosphate levels high, calcium levels low

10. Which of the following would you NOT expect to see with a phosphate level of 1.2 mg/dL?

1. Positive Trousseau’s Sign
2. Anemia
3. Confusion
4. Osteomalacia The answer is A: Positive Trousseau’s Sign

11. A patient has a potassium level of 1.5 mEq/L. Which of the following is NOT typically a sign with this condition?

1. None, this is a normal potassium level.
2. Decreased respirations
3. Decreased deep tendon reflexes
4. Tall T-waves The answer is D: Tall t-waves (this presents with HYPERkalemia).

12. Which patient is at risk for hyperkalemia?

1. Patient taking a loop diuretic
2. Patient with Cushing’s Syndrome
3. Patient with Addison’s Disease
4. Patient with nasogastric suction The answer is C: Addison’s Disease

13. Which of the following does Chloride NOT play a role in?

1. Digestion
2. Acid-base balance
3. Fluid balance
4. Bone health The answer is D: Bone health

14. A patient has a Chloride level of 70 mEq/L. Which condition below can cause this type of level?

1. None, this is a normal Chloride level.
2. Cystic Fibrosis
3. Metabolic acidosis
4. Hypertonic fluids The answer is B: Cystic Fibrosis

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What are normal electrolyte levels for Nclex?

Chloride: 96 to 106 mmol/L. Potassium: 3.7 to 5.2 mEq/L. Sodium: 136 to 144 mEq/L. Calcium: 8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL.

How do you assess fluid and electrolytes?

An electrolyte panel is used to check for electrolyte, fluid, or pH imbalances. An electrolyte panel, also known as a serum electrolyte test, is a blood test that measures levels of the body's main electrolytes: Sodium, which helps control the amount of fluid in your body.

What are the symptoms of electrolytes in Nclex?

Hyponatremia Signs and Symptoms.

Brain is low and slow. Headache = Cerebral edema. Mental status changes. Seizures and coma..

Muscular = low and slow. Fatigue and muscle cramps..

Respiratory = low and slow. Respiratory arrest..

Which patient is at more risk for a fluid and electrolyte imbalance?

You may be more likely to develop an electrolyte imbalance if you have: Burns. Cancer. Cardiovascular disease, heart failure or high blood pressure.