The Intel Core 2 Duo P8600 is a dual core processor for laptops. It features 2.4 GHz and a shared level 2 cache of 3 MB. Due to the smaller cache [Core 2 Duo T-Models got usually 6 MB at this clock rate], the TDP is only 25 Watt [instead of the 35 Watt of the T-models].
Due to the relatively high clock speed, modern games [in 2009] should not be limited by the CPU speed [in conjunction with a middle class graphics card]. High end gamers should choose a higher clocked Dual Core instead [when using a high end GPU]. Compared to the fastest Turion II Ultra M640, the P8600 should be still faster.
The P8600 uses a Penryn [Montevina Update] core that features 2 integer units, 1 floating point unit, 1 load unit, and 1 store unit in a 14-stages long pipeline. Due to the Wide Dynamic Execution Technology, the core is able to simultaneously execute up to four instructions.
The integrated Enhanced Speedstep is able to downclock the core dynamically as low as 1200 MHz to save power [in idle mode].
The Core 2 Duo P8600 can be used in a Socket P socket with 479 pins: Socket P / Micro Flip-Chip Pin Grid Array [Micro-FCPGA] requires 479-pin surface mount Zero Insertion Force [ZIF] socket [mPGA479M socket] or Micro Flip-Chip Ball Grid Array [Micro-FCBGA] for surface mount [479-ball]
Intel Celeron N4000
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The Intel Celeron N4000 is a dual-core SoC designed for affordable laptops and mini-PCs and was announced late 2017. It runs at 1.1 GHz to 2.6 GHz [Single Core Burst, Multi Core Burst maxes out at 2.5 GHz] and is based on the Gemini Lake platform. Similar to the Apollo Lake predecessor, the chip is manufactured on a 14 nm process with FinFETs but offers slightly improved processor cores, double the amount of L2 cache, all in a smaller package. Partial Wi-Fi 5 support is baked into the chip. Besides two CPU cores, the chip also includes a DirectX 12 capable GPU as well as a DDR4/LPDDR4 memory controller [dual-channel, up to 2400 MHz]. The SoC is not replaceable as it is directly soldered to the mainboard.
Architecture
The processor architecture was slightly reworked and is now called Goldmont Plus. It features a larger L2 cache [4 MB]. That means the per-clock-performance should be a bit better, but not anywhere near the Core CPUs like Kaby Lake Y.
Performance
The average N4000 in our database only just matches the Core i5-4300Y, a fairly old dual-core processor of nearly the same energy efficiency, in multi-thread performance. In other words, the Celeron is a very slow processor that's good enough for the most basic of tasks only. Expect long load times no matter the app.
Graphics
The UHD Graphics 600 [Gemini Lake] is based on Intel's Generation 9 architecture, which supports DirectX 12 and is also used for the Kaby Lake / Skylake / Apollo Lake graphics adapters [like HD Graphics 520]. Equipped with 12 EUs and a clock of up to 650 MHz, the performance should be roughly on par with the older HD Graphics 500 [Apollo Lake].
The chip also includes an advanced video engine with hardware support for the playback of VP9 and H.265 [8-bit color-depth].
Power consumption
Like most other N-class Intel chips, the Celeron N4000 has a 6 W TDP [also known as the long-term power limit]. This is not much at all, allowing laptop makers to build passively cooled laptops, tablets, mini-PCs around the chip. The SoC can briefly consume up to 15 W, though, depending on how a system is configured.
Last but not the least, this Celeron is manufactured on one of the old 14 nm Intel processes leading to poor, as of early 2023, energy efficiency.
Intel Pentium Silver N5030
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The Intel Pentium Silver N5030 is a quad-core SoC primarily for inexpensive notebooks and was announced late 2019. It runs at 1.1-3.1 GHz [Single Core Burst] and is based on the Gemini Lake platform. The 5030 is the refresh of the older Pentium 5000 and offers a 400 MHz higher Boost clock. Similar to the Apollo Lake predecessor, the chip is manufactured in a 14 nm process with FinFETs but offers slightly improved processor cores, double the amount of L2 cache, a smaller package, a better GPU architecture and a partly integrated WiFi support. Besides four CPU cores, the chip also includes a DirectX 12 capable GPU as well as a DDR4/LPDDR4 memory controller [dual-channel, up to 2400 MHz]. The SoC is not replaceable as it is directly soldered to the mainboard.
Architecture
The processor architecture is still called Goldmont Plus. Compared to the older Goldmont cores in Apollo Lake, they feature an increased level 2 cache [to 4 MB]. That means the per-clock-performance should be a bit better, but not near the Core CPUs like Kaby Lake Y.
Performance
The average N5030 in our database proves unable to beat the AMD 3020e, an entry-level dual-core CPU of similar power efficiency, in multi-thread performance, rendering the Pentium a poor option for anything but the most basic day-to-day activities, as of late 2022.
GPU Performance
The UHD Graphics 605 [Gemini Lake] is based on Intel's Gen9 architecture, which supports DirectX 12 and is also used for the Kaby Lake / Skylake / Apollo Lake graphics adapters [like HD Graphics 520]. Equipped with 18 EUs and a clock of up to 750 MHz, the performance should be roughly on par with the older HD Graphics 5300 and HD Graphics 505 [Apollo Lake].
The chip also includes an advanced video engine with hardware support for the playback of VP9 and H.265 material [8-bit color-depth].
Power consumption
Like most N-class Intel chips, the Pentium has a default TDP, also known as the long-term power limit, of 6 W. This is low and thus good enough for passively cooled tablets, laptops, mini-PCs and handhelds.
The Intel Pentium N5030 is built with one of the old 14 nm Intel processes making for poor, as of early 2023, energy efficiency.